Hard water, containing a high concentration of calcium and magnesium, enters the softener via an inlet valve.

The water passes through a sodium (or potassium) charged resin and activated carbon beads. These beads attract and retain calcium and magnesium ions from hard water. Calcium and magnesium ions are exchanged for sodium or potassium ions on the resin beads. This process eliminates water hardness by replacing hard minerals with soluble ones.

The water passes through a bed of resin beads and activated carbon made from coconut shells.
The activated carbon absorbs chemical contaminants, including chlorine, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides and herbicides. This step improves the taste and smell of the water, by eliminating unwanted chemicals.

The softened water now exits the tank and is distributed into the domestic network for daily use.

When the resin beads are saturated with calcium and magnesium ions, a brine solution (a mixture of salt and water) is pumped through the resin. This solution removes the retained calcium and magnesium ions, replacing them with new sodium or potassium ions. After regeneration, the resin is rinsed to remove excess salt solution. The waste water is discharged down the drain. The softener is now ready to soften the water again, and the cycle starts again.